[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":3239},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page:\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Fenforcing-alt-text-for-markdown-images-at-build-time":3,"all-docs-nav":2091,"filed:\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Fenforcing-alt-text-for-markdown-images-at-build-time":3233},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"breadcrumb":2069,"dateModified":2078,"datePublished":2078,"description":2079,"extension":1002,"faq":2080,"meta":2085,"navigation":352,"path":2086,"seo":2087,"slug":12,"stem":2088,"type":2089,"__hash__":2090},"content\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Fenforcing-alt-text-for-markdown-images-at-build-time\u002Findex.md","Enforcing Alt Text for Markdown Images at Build Time",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":2049},"minimark",[9,13,28,31,36,53,57,60,161,164,301,305,308,958,973,977,980,1205,1212,1216,1223,1270,1285,1437,1441,1448,1690,1693,1697,1700,1730,1820,1824,1832,1836,1923,1927,1962,1966,1969,1973,1978,1981,1985,1988,1992,1995,1999,2002,2006,2045],[10,11,5],"h1",{"id":12},"enforcing-alt-text-for-markdown-images-at-build-time",[14,15,16,17,21,22,27],"p",{},"Markdown makes it easy to add an image and easy to skip the alt text: ",[18,19,20],"code",{},"![](.\u002Fscreenshot.png)"," is valid, renders, and leaves a screen reader user with nothing, or with the file name read aloud. On the reference site from ",[23,24,26],"a",{"href":25},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002F","Accessibility for Static Sites",", the first audit found 141 images with empty or missing alt text and another 96 whose alt text was a file name, \"image\" or \"screenshot\". axe-core reported the 141. It could not see the 96, because an alt attribute containing \"screenshot-2024-03-11.png\" is present and therefore passes.",[14,29,30],{},"Images arrive through content, not templates, so they are added by writers who may never have heard of alt text. The way to keep the problem fixed is to check it where the content is written — in the Markdown, before the build — and fail with a message that explains what to do. This guide adds that check as a remark plugin for Astro and other unified-based generators, a markdown-it plugin for Eleventy and VitePress, and a render hook for Hugo.",[32,33,35],"h2",{"id":34},"prerequisites","Prerequisites",[37,38,39,43,46],"ul",{},[40,41,42],"li",{},"A generator whose Markdown pipeline accepts plugins (Astro, Eleventy, VitePress, Docusaurus, Starlight) or render hooks (Hugo).",[40,44,45],{},"CI that runs the build on pull requests, so a failing check blocks the merge.",[40,47,48,49,52],{},"Agreement on a marker for decorative images. This guide uses an empty alt, ",[18,50,51],{},"![](divider.svg)",", plus an allow-list path for decorative assets.",[32,54,56],{"id":55},"what-the-check-should-reject","What the Check Should Reject",[14,58,59],{},"The rule set came from the audit. 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Alt over 250 characters 6.",[186,187],"rect",{"x":188,"y":188,"width":189,"height":190,"fill":191},"0","760","278","#ffffff",[193,194,196,197,196,208,196,212,196,216,196,223,196,227,196,231,196,238,196,246,196,251,196,257,196,261,196,265,196,269,196,273,196,277,196,281,196,285,196,289,196,293,176],"g",{"style":195},"font-family:system-ui, sans-serif;font-size:12px","\n    ",[186,198],{"x":199,"y":200,"width":201,"height":202,"rx":203,"fill":204,"opacity":205,"stroke":206,"style":207},"240.0","65.0","458.8","20.0","3","#ff595e","0.3","#d83b41","stroke-width:1px",[186,209],{"x":199,"y":210,"width":211,"height":202,"rx":203,"fill":204,"opacity":205,"stroke":206,"style":207},"99.0","152.9",[186,213],{"x":199,"y":214,"width":215,"height":202,"rx":203,"fill":204,"opacity":205,"stroke":206,"style":207},"133.0","133.4",[186,217],{"x":199,"y":218,"width":219,"height":202,"rx":203,"fill":220,"opacity":221,"stroke":222,"style":207},"167.0","61.8","#ffca3a","0.45","#a97b00",[186,224],{"x":199,"y":225,"width":226,"height":202,"rx":203,"fill":220,"opacity":221,"stroke":222,"style":207},"201.0","26.0",[186,228],{"x":199,"y":229,"width":230,"height":202,"rx":203,"fill":220,"opacity":221,"stroke":222,"style":207},"235.0","19.5",[232,233],"path",{"d":234,"fill":235,"stroke":236,"style":237},"M240.0 60.0 L240.0 260.0","none","#556071","stroke-width:1.5px",[239,240,245],"text",{"x":241,"y":242,"fill":243,"style":244},"380.0","30.0","#1f2937","font-size:16px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Alt text problems found on the first run",[239,247,250],{"x":202,"y":248,"fill":243,"style":249},"79.2","font-size:12px;text-anchor:start","Missing or empty",[239,252,95],{"x":253,"y":254,"fill":255,"style":256},"706.8","79.5","#b32b30","font-size:12px;text-anchor:start;font-weight:700",[239,258,260],{"x":202,"y":259,"fill":243,"style":249},"113.2","Generic word",[239,262,125],{"x":263,"y":264,"fill":255,"style":256},"400.9","113.5",[239,266,268],{"x":202,"y":267,"fill":243,"style":249},"147.2","File name",[239,270,108],{"x":271,"y":272,"fill":255,"style":256},"381.4","147.5",[239,274,276],{"x":202,"y":275,"fill":243,"style":249},"181.2","Duplicates caption",[239,278,149],{"x":279,"y":280,"fill":243,"style":256},"309.8","181.5",[239,282,284],{"x":202,"y":283,"fill":243,"style":249},"215.2","Starts with image of",[239,286,138],{"x":287,"y":288,"fill":243,"style":256},"274.0","215.5",[239,290,292],{"x":202,"y":291,"fill":243,"style":249},"249.2","Over 250 characters",[239,294,160],{"x":295,"y":296,"fill":243,"style":256},"267.5","249.5",[298,299,300],"figcaption",{},"262 problems across 1,140 pages; axe-core had reported only the first category.",[32,302,304],{"id":303},"step-1-a-remark-plugin-for-astro-and-other-unified-pipelines","Step 1: A remark Plugin for Astro and Other unified Pipelines",[14,306,307],{},"Astro, Starlight, Docusaurus and Next.js MDX all use remark. 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Setting ",[18,970,971],{},"msg.fatal"," makes the build stop with the file and line in the error, which is the message a writer sees in CI. The caption-duplicate rule needs the surrounding figure, so it runs as a separate check on the HTML (Step 4).",[32,974,976],{"id":975},"step-2-a-markdown-it-plugin-for-eleventy-and-vitepress","Step 2: A markdown-it Plugin for Eleventy and VitePress",[14,978,979],{},"Eleventy and VitePress use markdown-it. The same rules, applied to the image renderer:",[309,981,983],{"className":311,"code":982,"language":313,"meta":314,"style":314},"\u002F\u002F .eleventy.js or .vitepress\u002Fconfig.mjs\nfunction altLint(md) {\n  const original = md.renderer.rules.image;\n  md.renderer.rules.image = (tokens, idx, options, env, self) => {\n    const token = tokens[idx];\n    const alt = token.content.trim();\n    const src = token.attrGet('src');\n    const problem = checkAlt(alt, src); \u002F\u002F the same rules as the remark plugin\n    if (problem) throw new Error(`${env.page?.inputPath || env.relativePath}: ${problem} (${src})`);\n    return original(tokens, idx, options, env, self);\n  };\n}\n",[18,984,985,990,1006,1019,1060,1073,1088,1111,1129,1187,1197,1201],{"__ignoreMap":314},[318,986,987],{"class":320,"line":321},[318,988,989],{"class":324},"\u002F\u002F .eleventy.js or .vitepress\u002Fconfig.mjs\n",[318,991,992,995,998,1000,1003],{"class":320,"line":328},[318,993,994],{"class":331},"function",[318,996,997],{"class":533}," altLint",[318,999,900],{"class":335},[318,1001,1002],{"class":540},"md",[318,1004,1005],{"class":335},") {\n",[318,1007,1008,1011,1014,1016],{"class":320,"line":349},[318,1009,1010],{"class":331},"  const",[318,1012,1013],{"class":362}," original",[318,1015,366],{"class":331},[318,1017,1018],{"class":335}," md.renderer.rules.image;\n",[318,1020,1021,1024,1027,1029,1031,1034,1036,1039,1041,1044,1046,1049,1051,1054,1056,1058],{"class":320,"line":356},[318,1022,1023],{"class":335},"  md.renderer.rules.",[318,1025,1026],{"class":533},"image",[318,1028,366],{"class":331},[318,1030,564],{"class":335},[318,1032,1033],{"class":540},"tokens",[318,1035,119],{"class":335},[318,1037,1038],{"class":540},"idx",[318,1040,119],{"class":335},[318,1042,1043],{"class":540},"options",[318,1045,119],{"class":335},[318,1047,1048],{"class":540},"env",[318,1050,119],{"class":335},[318,1052,1053],{"class":540},"self",[318,1055,575],{"class":335},[318,1057,578],{"class":331},[318,1059,581],{"class":335},[318,1061,1062,1065,1068,1070],{"class":320,"line":434},[318,1063,1064],{"class":331},"    const",[318,1066,1067],{"class":362}," token",[318,1069,366],{"class":331},[318,1071,1072],{"class":335}," tokens[idx];\n",[318,1074,1075,1077,1079,1081,1084,1086],{"class":320,"line":492},[318,1076,1064],{"class":331},[318,1078,614],{"class":362},[318,1080,366],{"class":331},[318,1082,1083],{"class":335}," token.content.",[318,1085,631],{"class":533},[318,1087,634],{"class":335},[318,1089,1090,1092,1095,1097,1100,1103,1105,1108],{"class":320,"line":516},[318,1091,1064],{"class":331},[318,1093,1094],{"class":362}," src",[318,1096,366],{"class":331},[318,1098,1099],{"class":335}," token.",[318,1101,1102],{"class":533},"attrGet",[318,1104,900],{"class":335},[318,1106,1107],{"class":342},"'src'",[318,1109,1110],{"class":335},");\n",[318,1112,1113,1115,1118,1120,1123,1126],{"class":320,"line":521},[318,1114,1064],{"class":331},[318,1116,1117],{"class":362}," problem",[318,1119,366],{"class":331},[318,1121,1122],{"class":533}," checkAlt",[318,1124,1125],{"class":335},"(alt, src); ",[318,1127,1128],{"class":324},"\u002F\u002F the same rules as the remark plugin\n",[318,1130,1131,1134,1137,1140,1143,1146,1148,1150,1152,1154,1157,1159,1162,1165,1168,1170,1173,1176,1178,1180,1183,1185],{"class":320,"line":558},[318,1132,1133],{"class":331},"    if",[318,1135,1136],{"class":335}," (problem) ",[318,1138,1139],{"class":331},"throw",[318,1141,1142],{"class":331}," new",[318,1144,1145],{"class":533}," Error",[318,1147,900],{"class":335},[318,1149,903],{"class":342},[318,1151,1048],{"class":335},[318,1153,652],{"class":342},[318,1155,1156],{"class":335},"page",[318,1158,667],{"class":342},[318,1160,1161],{"class":335},"inputPath",[318,1163,1164],{"class":331}," ||",[318,1166,1167],{"class":335}," env",[318,1169,652],{"class":342},[318,1171,1172],{"class":335},"relativePath",[318,1174,1175],{"class":342},"}: ${",[318,1177,906],{"class":335},[318,1179,909],{"class":342},[318,1181,1182],{"class":335},"src",[318,1184,919],{"class":342},[318,1186,1110],{"class":335},[318,1188,1189,1192,1194],{"class":320,"line":584},[318,1190,1191],{"class":331},"    return",[318,1193,1013],{"class":533},[318,1195,1196],{"class":335},"(tokens, idx, options, env, self);\n",[318,1198,1199],{"class":320,"line":608},[318,1200,951],{"class":335},[318,1202,1203],{"class":320,"line":637},[318,1204,957],{"class":335},[14,1206,1207,1208,1211],{},"Throwing stops the build in both generators. Sharing ",[18,1209,1210],{},"checkAlt"," as a small module between projects keeps the rules identical across a company's sites; the reference organisation uses one module for an Eleventy blog and the Starlight docs.",[32,1213,1215],{"id":1214},"step-3-a-render-hook-for-hugo","Step 3: A Render Hook for Hugo",[14,1217,1218,1219,1222],{},"Hugo has no plugin system, but an image render hook sees every Markdown image and can stop the build with ",[18,1220,1221],{},"errorf",":",[309,1224,1228],{"className":1225,"code":1226,"language":1227,"meta":314,"style":314},"language-go-html-template shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","{{\u002F* layouts\u002F_default\u002F_markup\u002Frender-image.html *\u002F}}\n{{- $alt := trim .Text \" \" -}}\n{{- if and (eq $alt \"\") (not (strings.Contains .Destination \"\u002Fdecorative\u002F\")) -}}\n  {{- errorf \"%s: missing alt text for %s\" .Page.File.Path .Destination -}}\n{{- else if findRE `(?i)^(image|screenshot|picture|photo)\\s*\\d*$` $alt -}}\n  {{- errorf \"%s: alt text %q says nothing about %s\" .Page.File.Path $alt .Destination -}}\n{{- end -}}\n\u003Cimg src=\"{{ .Destination | safeURL }}\" alt=\"{{ $alt }}\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\">\n","go-html-template",[18,1229,1230,1235,1240,1245,1250,1255,1260,1265],{"__ignoreMap":314},[318,1231,1232],{"class":320,"line":321},[318,1233,1234],{},"{{\u002F* layouts\u002F_default\u002F_markup\u002Frender-image.html *\u002F}}\n",[318,1236,1237],{"class":320,"line":328},[318,1238,1239],{},"{{- $alt := trim .Text \" \" -}}\n",[318,1241,1242],{"class":320,"line":349},[318,1243,1244],{},"{{- if and (eq $alt \"\") (not (strings.Contains .Destination \"\u002Fdecorative\u002F\")) -}}\n",[318,1246,1247],{"class":320,"line":356},[318,1248,1249],{},"  {{- errorf \"%s: missing alt text for %s\" .Page.File.Path .Destination -}}\n",[318,1251,1252],{"class":320,"line":434},[318,1253,1254],{},"{{- else if findRE `(?i)^(image|screenshot|picture|photo)\\s*\\d*$` $alt -}}\n",[318,1256,1257],{"class":320,"line":492},[318,1258,1259],{},"  {{- errorf \"%s: alt text %q says nothing about %s\" .Page.File.Path $alt .Destination -}}\n",[318,1261,1262],{"class":320,"line":516},[318,1263,1264],{},"{{- end -}}\n",[318,1266,1267],{"class":320,"line":521},[318,1268,1269],{},"\u003Cimg src=\"{{ .Destination | safeURL }}\" alt=\"{{ $alt }}\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\">\n",[14,1271,1272,1274,1275,1278,1279,1282,1283,652],{},[18,1273,1221],{}," fails ",[18,1276,1277],{},"hugo"," with a non-zero exit code, which fails CI. Use ",[18,1280,1281],{},"warnf"," while cleaning up existing content, then switch to ",[18,1284,1221],{},[165,1286,1287,1434],{},[168,1288,176,1293,176,1296,176,1299,176,1302,176,1419],{"viewBox":1289,"role":171,"ariaLabelledBy":1290,"xmlns":175},"0 0 760 262",[1291,1292],"alt-hooks-title","alt-hooks-desc",[178,1294,1295],{"id":1291},"The alt text check's hook point in each generator family",[182,1297,1298],{"id":1292},"The root asks which Markdown engine the generator uses. remark, used by Astro, Starlight, Docusaurus and Next.js MDX, takes a remark plugin with fatal messages. markdown-it, used by Eleventy and VitePress, takes a renderer rule that throws. Goldmark in Hugo takes an image render hook with errorf. Kramdown in Jekyll takes a Ruby hook or an HTML check after the build.",[186,1300],{"x":188,"y":188,"width":189,"height":1301,"fill":191},"262",[193,1303,196,1304,196,1312,196,1316,196,1319,196,1323,196,1329,196,1332,196,1335,196,1338,196,1344,196,1347,196,1352,196,1355,196,1360,196,1367,196,1370,196,1374,196,1379,196,1383,196,1386,196,1389,196,1392,196,1397,196,1401,196,1405,196,1409,196,1412,196,1415,176],{"style":195},[186,1305],{"x":1306,"y":1307,"width":1308,"height":1309,"rx":138,"fill":1310,"opacity":1311,"stroke":1310,"style":237},"184.3","60.0","391.4","50.0","#6a4c93","0.14",[232,1313],{"d":1314,"fill":235,"stroke":236,"style":1315},"M380.0 111.0 L380.0 132.0","stroke-width:2px",[232,1317],{"d":1318,"fill":235,"stroke":236,"style":1315},"M103.2 132.0 L656.8 132.0",[232,1320],{"d":1321,"fill":235,"stroke":236,"style":1322},"M103.2 132.0 L103.2 150.0","stroke-width:2px;marker-end:url(#alt-hooks-arrow)",[186,1324],{"x":202,"y":1325,"width":1326,"height":1327,"rx":138,"fill":1328,"opacity":1311,"stroke":1328,"style":237},"154.0","166.5","92.4","#1982c4",[232,1330],{"d":1331,"fill":235,"stroke":236,"style":1322},"M287.8 132.0 L287.8 150.0",[186,1333],{"x":1334,"y":1325,"width":1326,"height":1327,"rx":138,"fill":1310,"opacity":1311,"stroke":1310,"style":237},"204.5",[232,1336],{"d":1337,"fill":235,"stroke":236,"style":1322},"M472.2 132.0 L472.2 150.0",[186,1339],{"x":1340,"y":1325,"width":1326,"height":1327,"rx":138,"fill":1341,"opacity":1342,"stroke":1343,"style":237},"389.0","#8ac926","0.2","#5a8a16",[232,1345],{"d":1346,"fill":235,"stroke":236,"style":1322},"M656.8 132.0 L656.8 150.0",[186,1348],{"x":1349,"y":1325,"width":1326,"height":1327,"rx":138,"fill":1350,"stroke":1351,"style":237},"573.5","#f8fafc","#d9e2ef",[239,1353,1354],{"x":241,"y":242,"fill":243,"style":244},"Where the check hooks in, per generator",[239,1356,1359],{"x":241,"y":1357,"fill":243,"style":1358},"90.2","font-size:13px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Which Markdown engine does the generator use?",[239,1361,1366],{"x":1362,"y":1363,"fill":1364,"style":1365},"103.2","170.0","#166a9e","font-size:11px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","remark (Astro,",[239,1368,1369],{"x":1362,"y":1306,"fill":1364,"style":1365},"Docusaurus)",[239,1371,1373],{"x":1362,"y":1372,"fill":243,"style":1358},"204.6","remark plugin",[239,1375,1378],{"x":1362,"y":1376,"fill":236,"style":1377},"221.5","font-size:11px;text-anchor:middle","fatal file message",[239,1380,1382],{"x":1381,"y":1363,"fill":1310,"style":1365},"287.8","markdown-it (11ty,",[239,1384,1385],{"x":1381,"y":1306,"fill":1310,"style":1365},"VitePress)",[239,1387,1388],{"x":1381,"y":1372,"fill":243,"style":1358},"renderer rule",[239,1390,1391],{"x":1381,"y":1376,"fill":236,"style":1377},"throw an Error",[239,1393,1396],{"x":1394,"y":1363,"fill":1395,"style":1365},"472.2","#3f6410","Goldmark (Hugo)",[239,1398,1400],{"x":1394,"y":1399,"fill":243,"style":1358},"190.3","render hook",[239,1402,1404],{"x":1394,"y":1403,"fill":236,"style":1377},"207.2","errorf stops the build",[239,1406,1408],{"x":1407,"y":1363,"fill":236,"style":1365},"656.8","Kramdown (Jekyll)",[239,1410,1411],{"x":1407,"y":1399,"fill":243,"style":1358},"post-build HTML",[239,1413,1414],{"x":1407,"y":1403,"fill":243,"style":1358},"check",[239,1416,1418],{"x":1407,"y":1417,"fill":236,"style":1377},"224.1","scan img in _site",[1420,1421,196,1422,176],"defs",{},[1423,1424,1430,1431,196],"marker",{"id":1425,"viewBox":1426,"refX":138,"refY":1427,"markerWidth":1428,"markerHeight":1428,"orient":1429},"alt-hooks-arrow","0 0 10 10","5","7","auto-start-reverse","\n      ",[232,1432],{"d":1433,"fill":236},"M0 0 L10 5 L0 10 z",[298,1435,1436],{},"The rules are the same everywhere; only the hook differs.",[32,1438,1440],{"id":1439},"step-4-an-html-check-for-everything-else","Step 4: An HTML Check for Everything Else",[14,1442,1443,1444,1447],{},"Some images do not come from Markdown: images in components, in layouts, in MDX JSX. A post-build check over the HTML catches them, plus the caption-duplicate rule, which needs ",[18,1445,1446],{},"\u003Cfigure>"," context:",[309,1449,1451],{"className":311,"code":1450,"language":313,"meta":314,"style":314},"import { parse } from 'node-html-parser';\nfor (const file of htmlFiles) {\n  const root = parse(await fs.readFile(file, 'utf8'));\n  for (const fig of root.querySelectorAll('figure')) {\n    const img = fig.querySelector('img'); const cap = fig.querySelector('figcaption');\n    if (img && cap && img.getAttribute('alt')?.trim() === cap.text.trim())\n      problems.push(`${file}: alt duplicates caption \"${cap.text.trim().slice(0, 50)}\"`);\n  }\n}\n",[18,1452,1453,1467,1485,1517,1545,1586,1630,1681,1686],{"__ignoreMap":314},[318,1454,1455,1457,1460,1462,1465],{"class":320,"line":321},[318,1456,332],{"class":331},[318,1458,1459],{"class":335}," { parse } ",[318,1461,339],{"class":331},[318,1463,1464],{"class":342}," 'node-html-parser'",[318,1466,346],{"class":335},[318,1468,1469,1472,1474,1476,1479,1482],{"class":320,"line":328},[318,1470,1471],{"class":331},"for",[318,1473,564],{"class":335},[318,1475,359],{"class":331},[318,1477,1478],{"class":362}," file",[318,1480,1481],{"class":331}," of",[318,1483,1484],{"class":335}," htmlFiles) {\n",[318,1486,1487,1489,1492,1494,1497,1499,1502,1505,1508,1511,1514],{"class":320,"line":349},[318,1488,1010],{"class":331},[318,1490,1491],{"class":362}," root",[318,1493,366],{"class":331},[318,1495,1496],{"class":533}," parse",[318,1498,900],{"class":335},[318,1500,1501],{"class":331},"await",[318,1503,1504],{"class":335}," fs.",[318,1506,1507],{"class":533},"readFile",[318,1509,1510],{"class":335},"(file, ",[318,1512,1513],{"class":342},"'utf8'",[318,1515,1516],{"class":335},"));\n",[318,1518,1519,1522,1524,1526,1529,1531,1534,1537,1539,1542],{"class":320,"line":356},[318,1520,1521],{"class":331},"  for",[318,1523,564],{"class":335},[318,1525,359],{"class":331},[318,1527,1528],{"class":362}," fig",[318,1530,1481],{"class":331},[318,1532,1533],{"class":335}," root.",[318,1535,1536],{"class":533},"querySelectorAll",[318,1538,900],{"class":335},[318,1540,1541],{"class":342},"'figure'",[318,1543,1544],{"class":335},")) {\n",[318,1546,1547,1549,1552,1554,1557,1560,1562,1565,1568,1570,1573,1575,1577,1579,1581,1584],{"class":320,"line":434},[318,1548,1064],{"class":331},[318,1550,1551],{"class":362}," img",[318,1553,366],{"class":331},[318,1555,1556],{"class":335}," fig.",[318,1558,1559],{"class":533},"querySelector",[318,1561,900],{"class":335},[318,1563,1564],{"class":342},"'img'",[318,1566,1567],{"class":335},"); ",[318,1569,359],{"class":331},[318,1571,1572],{"class":362}," cap",[318,1574,366],{"class":331},[318,1576,1556],{"class":335},[318,1578,1559],{"class":533},[318,1580,900],{"class":335},[318,1582,1583],{"class":342},"'figcaption'",[318,1585,1110],{"class":335},[318,1587,1588,1590,1593,1595,1598,1600,1603,1606,1608,1611,1614,1616,1619,1622,1625,1627],{"class":320,"line":492},[318,1589,1133],{"class":331},[318,1591,1592],{"class":335}," (img ",[318,1594,712],{"class":331},[318,1596,1597],{"class":335}," cap ",[318,1599,712],{"class":331},[318,1601,1602],{"class":335}," img.",[318,1604,1605],{"class":533},"getAttribute",[318,1607,900],{"class":335},[318,1609,1610],{"class":342},"'alt'",[318,1612,1613],{"class":335},")?.",[318,1615,631],{"class":533},[318,1617,1618],{"class":335},"() ",[318,1620,1621],{"class":331},"===",[318,1623,1624],{"class":335}," cap.text.",[318,1626,631],{"class":533},[318,1628,1629],{"class":335},"())\n",[318,1631,1632,1635,1638,1640,1642,1644,1647,1650,1652,1654,1656,1658,1661,1664,1666,1668,1670,1673,1676,1679],{"class":320,"line":516},[318,1633,1634],{"class":335},"      problems.",[318,1636,1637],{"class":533},"push",[318,1639,900],{"class":335},[318,1641,903],{"class":342},[318,1643,572],{"class":335},[318,1645,1646],{"class":342},"}: alt duplicates caption \"${",[318,1648,1649],{"class":335},"cap",[318,1651,652],{"class":342},[318,1653,239],{"class":335},[318,1655,652],{"class":342},[318,1657,631],{"class":533},[318,1659,1660],{"class":342},"().",[318,1662,1663],{"class":533},"slice",[318,1665,900],{"class":342},[318,1667,188],{"class":362},[318,1669,119],{"class":342},[318,1671,1672],{"class":362},"50",[318,1674,1675],{"class":342},")",[318,1677,1678],{"class":342},"}\"`",[318,1680,1110],{"class":335},[318,1682,1683],{"class":320,"line":521},[318,1684,1685],{"class":335},"  }\n",[318,1687,1688],{"class":320,"line":558},[318,1689,957],{"class":335},[14,1691,1692],{},"It runs in 3 seconds over 1,140 pages. For Jekyll, which has no convenient Markdown hook, this HTML check is the whole solution.",[32,1694,1696],{"id":1695},"step-5-clean-up-then-switch-to-failing","Step 5: Clean Up, Then Switch to Failing",[14,1698,1699],{},"Turning on a failing check against 262 existing problems would block every pull request. The rollout ran in three stages:",[1701,1702,1703,1710,1716],"ol",{},[40,1704,1705,1709],{},[1706,1707,1708],"strong",{},"Report only"," for two weeks, with the problem list posted as a CI annotation on every pull request.",[40,1711,1712,1715],{},[1706,1713,1714],{},"Fix the backlog."," Writers fixed images in pages they owned; 262 problems took about 9 hours across four people, roughly two minutes each.",[40,1717,1718,1721,1722,1725,1726,1729],{},[1706,1719,1720],{},"Fail on new problems."," The check became fatal, with a documented escape hatch: decorative images go in ",[18,1723,1724],{},"\u002Fimages\u002Fdecorative\u002F",", and a page can set ",[18,1727,1728],{},"altLintIgnore: true"," in frontmatter with a reason, which a reviewer must approve.",[165,1731,1732,1817],{},[168,1733,176,1738,176,1741,176,1744,176,1747,176,1810],{"viewBox":1734,"role":171,"ariaLabelledBy":1735,"xmlns":175},"0 0 760 166",[1736,1737],"alt-rollout-title","alt-rollout-desc",[178,1739,1740],{"id":1736},"Timeline of the alt text check rollout over four weeks",[182,1742,1743],{"id":1737},"Four events. Week 0, the check is added in report-only mode with 262 problems. Weeks 1 and 2, writers fix the backlog, taking about nine hours in total. Week 3, the check becomes fatal for new problems. In the eight weeks after, it blocked 21 pull requests, each fixed in the same pull request.",[186,1745],{"x":188,"y":188,"width":189,"height":1746,"fill":191},"166",[193,1748,196,1749,196,1753,196,1757,196,1760,196,1763,196,1766,196,1769,196,1773,196,1776,196,1779,196,1782,196,1788,196,1792,196,1795,196,1798,196,1801,196,1804,196,1807,176],{"style":195},[232,1750],{"d":1751,"fill":235,"stroke":236,"style":1752},"M30.0 99.6 L734.0 99.6","stroke-width:2px;marker-end:url(#alt-rollout-arrow)",[1754,1755],"circle",{"cx":1307,"cy":1756,"r":1428,"fill":220,"stroke":222,"style":237},"99.6",[1754,1758],{"cx":1759,"cy":1756,"r":1428,"fill":1328,"stroke":1328,"style":237},"273.3",[1754,1761],{"cx":1762,"cy":1756,"r":1428,"fill":1341,"stroke":1343,"style":237},"486.7",[1754,1764],{"cx":1765,"cy":1756,"r":1428,"fill":1341,"stroke":1343,"style":237},"700.0",[239,1767,1768],{"x":241,"y":242,"fill":243,"style":244},"Rolling the check out without blocking everyone",[239,1770,1708],{"x":1307,"y":1771,"fill":243,"style":1772},"83.6","font-size:12px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700",[239,1774,1775],{"x":1759,"y":1771,"fill":243,"style":1772},"Backlog fixed",[239,1777,1778],{"x":1762,"y":1771,"fill":243,"style":1772},"Fatal for new",[239,1780,1781],{"x":1765,"y":1771,"fill":243,"style":1772},"Steady state",[239,1783,1787],{"x":1307,"y":1784,"fill":1785,"style":1786},"125.6","#8a6d0f","font-size:11.5px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Week 0",[239,1789,1791],{"x":1307,"y":1790,"fill":236,"style":1377},"143.6","262 problems listed",[239,1793,1794],{"x":1759,"y":1784,"fill":1364,"style":1786},"Weeks 1–2",[239,1796,1797],{"x":1759,"y":1790,"fill":236,"style":1377},"about 9 hours total",[239,1799,1800],{"x":1762,"y":1784,"fill":1395,"style":1786},"Week 3",[239,1802,1803],{"x":1762,"y":1790,"fill":236,"style":1377},"escape hatch documented",[239,1805,1806],{"x":1765,"y":1784,"fill":1395,"style":1786},"+8 weeks",[239,1808,1809],{"x":1765,"y":1790,"fill":236,"style":1377},"21 PRs blocked and fixed",[1420,1811,196,1812,176],{},[1423,1813,1430,1815,196],{"id":1814,"viewBox":1426,"refX":138,"refY":1427,"markerWidth":1428,"markerHeight":1428,"orient":1429},"alt-rollout-arrow",[232,1816],{"d":1433,"fill":236},[298,1818,1819],{},"The escape hatch was used twice in eight weeks, both for decorative illustrations.",[32,1821,1823],{"id":1822},"writing-guidance-that-goes-with-the-check","Writing Guidance That Goes With the Check",[14,1825,1826,1827,1831],{},"A check that only says \"missing alt text\" teaches writers to type something that passes. The error message links to a one-page guide with three questions: ",[1828,1829,1830],"em",{},"What would a reader miss if the image did not load? Is that already in the text or caption? Is the image decorative?"," And two examples from the site's own content: a screenshot whose alt is \"Deploy settings with Build command set to npm run build and output directory dist\", and a chart whose alt is \"Build time by generator; full results in the table below\". The quality of new alt text improved noticeably once the guide was linked from the error, judged by a sample review of 50 images before and after.",[32,1833,1835],{"id":1834},"measured-impact","Measured Impact",[61,1837,1838,1854],{},[64,1839,1840],{},[67,1841,1842,1845,1848,1851],{},[70,1843,1844],{},"Measure",[70,1846,1847],{},"Before",[70,1849,1850],{},"After",[70,1852,1853],{},"Tool",[80,1855,1856,1867,1880,1896,1910],{},[67,1857,1858,1861,1863,1865],{},[85,1859,1860],{},"Images with missing alt",[85,1862,95],{},[85,1864,188],{},[85,1866,1373],{},[67,1868,1869,1872,1875,1877],{},[85,1870,1871],{},"Images with useless alt",[85,1873,1874],{},"121",[85,1876,188],{},[85,1878,1879],{},"remark plugin + HTML check",[67,1881,1882,1889,1891,1893],{},[85,1883,1884,1885,1888],{},"axe ",[18,1886,1887],{},"image-alt"," violations",[85,1890,95],{},[85,1892,188],{},[85,1894,1895],{},"axe-core 4.10",[67,1897,1898,1901,1904,1907],{},[85,1899,1900],{},"Build time added",[85,1902,1903],{},"—",[85,1905,1906],{},"0.4 s (lint) + 3 s (HTML)",[85,1908,1909],{},"CI logs",[67,1911,1912,1915,1917,1920],{},[85,1913,1914],{},"Pull requests blocked in 8 weeks",[85,1916,1903],{},[85,1918,1919],{},"21, all fixed in the PR",[85,1921,1922],{},"CI history",[32,1924,1926],{"id":1925},"pitfalls-rollback","Pitfalls & Rollback",[37,1928,1929,1935,1941,1947,1953],{},[40,1930,1931,1934],{},[1706,1932,1933],{},"Failing immediately on a backlog."," Report first, fix, then fail.",[40,1936,1937,1940],{},[1706,1938,1939],{},"No way to mark decorative images."," Writers will add \"decoration\" as alt text, which is worse than empty.",[40,1942,1943,1946],{},[1706,1944,1945],{},"Checking only Markdown."," Components and layouts add images too; the HTML check covers them.",[40,1948,1949,1952],{},[1706,1950,1951],{},"Treating length as quality."," A long description is not a good one; keep alt short and put detail in the page.",[40,1954,1955,1958,1959,1961],{},[1706,1956,1957],{},"Rollback:"," set the plugin's ",[18,1960,541],{}," option to false to return to report-only mode without removing it.",[32,1963,1965],{"id":1964},"conclusion","Conclusion",[14,1967,1968],{},"Alt text problems come from content, and content changes every day, so the check belongs in the Markdown pipeline where writers will see it. A remark plugin, a markdown-it rule or a Hugo render hook — plus a short HTML check for everything else — found 262 problems on the reference site, of which axe could see only 141, and has kept new ones out since.",[32,1970,1972],{"id":1971},"faq","FAQ",[1974,1975,1977],"h3",{"id":1976},"should-every-image-have-alt-text","Should every image have alt text?",[14,1979,1980],{},"Every image needs an alt attribute, but purely decorative images should have an empty one, alt equals empty string, so screen readers skip them. Informative images need text that conveys what the image tells a sighted reader. The build check should therefore require the attribute and reject useless values, while allowing an explicit marker for decorative images.",[1974,1982,1984],{"id":1983},"what-makes-alt-text-useless","What makes alt text useless?",[14,1986,1987],{},"Text that does not carry the image's information. Common examples are the file name, words like image, screenshot or picture on their own, the same text as the caption next to the image, and very long descriptions that read a whole table aloud. A check can catch the first three mechanically; length and quality still need review.",[1974,1989,1991],{"id":1990},"can-ai-generated-alt-text-replace-writing-it","Can AI-generated alt text replace writing it?",[14,1993,1994],{},"It can describe what an image looks like, but not why it is on the page. A screenshot of a settings screen might be described as a form with toggles, when the reader needs to know that the Enable caching toggle is switched on. Generated text is a reasonable draft for a writer to edit, not a substitute, and the build check should treat it like any other text.",[1974,1996,1998],{"id":1997},"how-should-alt-text-work-for-images-with-captions","How should alt text work for images with captions?",[14,2000,2001],{},"If a figure caption already says what the image shows, the alt text should not repeat it word for word, because screen readers will read both. Use alt text for what the caption does not say, or keep it brief. For charts, put the key finding in the caption and the data in a table, and keep the alt short.",[32,2003,2005],{"id":2004},"related","Related",[37,2007,2008,2017,2024,2031,2038],{},[40,2009,2010,2013,2014,2016],{},[1706,2011,2012],{},"Parent:"," ",[23,2015,26],{"href":25}," — content as the largest source of issues.",[40,2018,2019,2023],{},[23,2020,2022],{"href":2021},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-heading-order-problems-in-markdown-content\u002F","Fixing Heading Order Problems in Markdown Content"," — the companion lint for headings.",[40,2025,2026,2030],{},[23,2027,2029],{"href":2028},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Faccessible-svg-diagrams-on-static-sites\u002F","Accessible SVG Diagrams on Static Sites"," — text alternatives for inline diagrams.",[40,2032,2033,2037],{},[23,2034,2036],{"href":2035},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Fastro-vs-eleventy-for-documentation-sites\u002Fmarkdown-pipelines-remark-vs-markdown-it\u002F","Markdown Pipelines: remark vs markdown-it"," — the two plugin systems used here.",[40,2039,2040,2044],{},[23,2041,2043],{"href":2042},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-images-without-dimensions-in-markdown\u002F","Fixing CLS From Images Without Dimensions in Markdown"," — the other Markdown image problem.",[2046,2047,2048],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sJ8bj, html code.shiki .sJ8bj{--shiki-default:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D}html pre.shiki code .szBVR, html code.shiki .szBVR{--shiki-default:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583}html pre.shiki code .sVt8B, html code.shiki .sVt8B{--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html pre.shiki code .sZZnC, html code.shiki .sZZnC{--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html pre.shiki code .sj4cs, html code.shiki .sj4cs{--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .sA_wV, html code.shiki .sA_wV{--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#DBEDFF}html pre.shiki code .snhLl, html code.shiki .snhLl{--shiki-default:#22863A;--shiki-default-font-weight:bold;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;--shiki-dark-font-weight:bold}html pre.shiki code .sScJk, html code.shiki .sScJk{--shiki-default:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0}html pre.shiki code .s4XuR, html code.shiki .s4XuR{--shiki-default:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: 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var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":314,"searchDepth":328,"depth":328,"links":2050},[2051,2052,2053,2054,2055,2056,2057,2058,2059,2060,2061,2062,2068],{"id":34,"depth":328,"text":35},{"id":55,"depth":328,"text":56},{"id":303,"depth":328,"text":304},{"id":975,"depth":328,"text":976},{"id":1214,"depth":328,"text":1215},{"id":1439,"depth":328,"text":1440},{"id":1695,"depth":328,"text":1696},{"id":1822,"depth":328,"text":1823},{"id":1834,"depth":328,"text":1835},{"id":1925,"depth":328,"text":1926},{"id":1964,"depth":328,"text":1965},{"id":1971,"depth":328,"text":1972,"children":2063},[2064,2065,2066,2067],{"id":1976,"depth":349,"text":1977},{"id":1983,"depth":349,"text":1984},{"id":1990,"depth":349,"text":1991},{"id":1997,"depth":349,"text":1998},{"id":2004,"depth":328,"text":2005},[2070,2072,2075,2076],{"name":2071,"item":426},"Home",{"name":2073,"item":2074},"Choosing the Right Static Site Generator for Production","\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002F",{"name":26,"item":25},{"name":5,"item":2077},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Fenforcing-alt-text-for-markdown-images-at-build-time\u002F","2026-10-02","Fail a static site build when Markdown images have missing, placeholder or file-name alt text, with remark and markdown-it plugins and a sensible escape hatch.",[2081,2082,2083,2084],{"q":1977,"a":1980},{"q":1984,"a":1987},{"q":1991,"a":1994},{"q":1998,"a":2001},{},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Fenforcing-alt-text-for-markdown-images-at-build-time",{"title":5,"description":2079},"choosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Fenforcing-alt-text-for-markdown-images-at-build-time\u002Findex","article","gu2ihb03GDZySxqvYwYv9s1C2DFzxhFAGjQKXz0xilQ",[2092,2095,2098,2100,2101,2103,2106,2108,2111,2114,2117,2120,2123,2126,2129,2132,2135,2138,2141,2144,2146,2149,2152,2155,2158,2161,2164,2167,2170,2173,2176,2179,2182,2185,2188,2191,2194,2197,2200,2203,2206,2209,2212,2215,2218,2221,2224,2227,2230,2233,2236,2239,2242,2245,2247,2250,2253,2256,2259,2262,2265,2268,2271,2274,2277,2280,2283,2286,2289,2292,2295,2298,2301,2304,2307,2310,2313,2316,2319,2322,2325,2328,2331,2334,2337,2340,2343,2346,2349,2352,2355,2358,2361,2364,2367,2370,2373,2376,2379,2382,2385,2388,2391,2394,2397,2400,2403,2406,2409,2412,2415,2418,2421,2424,2427,2430,2433,2436,2439,2442,2445,2448,2451,2454,2457,2460,2463,2466,2469,2472,2475,2478,2481,2484,2487,2490,2493,2496,2499,2502,2505,2508,2511,2514,2517,2520,2523,2526,2529,2532,2535,2538,2541,2544,2547,2550,2553,2556,2559,2562,2565,2568,2571,2574,2576,2579,2582,2585,2588,2591,2594,2597,2600,2603,2606,2609,2612,2615,2618,2621,2624,2627,2630,2633,2636,2639,2642,2645,2648,2651,2654,2657,2660,2663,2666,2669,2672,2675,2678,2681,2684,2687,2690,2693,2696,2699,2702,2705,2708,2711,2714,2717,2720,2723,2726,2729,2732,2735,2738,2741,2744,2747,2750,2753,2756,2759,2762,2765,2768,2771,2774,2777,2780,2783,2786,2789,2792,2795,2798,2801,2804,2807,2810,2813,2816,2819,2822,2825,2828,2831,2834,2837,2840,2843,2846,2849,2852,2855,2858,2861,2864,2867,2870,2873,2876,2879,2882,2885,2888,2891,2894,2897,2900,2903,2906,2909,2912,2915,2918,2921,2924,2927,2930,2933,2936,2939,2942,2945,2948,2951,2954,2957,2960,2963,2966,2969,2972,2975,2978,2981,2984,2987,2990,2993,2996,2999,3002,3005,3008,3011,3014,3017,3020,3023,3026,3029,3032,3035,3038,3041,3044,3047,3050,3053,3056,3059,3062,3065,3068,3071,3074,3077,3080,3083,3086,3089,3092,3095,3098,3101,3104,3107,3110,3113,3116,3119,3122,3125,3128,3131,3134,3137,3140,3143,3146,3149,3152,3155,3158,3161,3164,3167,3170,3173,3176,3179,3182,3185,3188,3191,3194,3197,3200,3203,3206,3209,3212,3215,3218,3221,3224,3227,3230],{"path":2093,"title":2094},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Faccessible-code-blocks-in-documentation-sites","Accessible 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Sites",{"path":2497,"title":2498},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcache-keys-and-query-strings-on-cdns","Cache Keys and Query Strings on CDNs",{"path":2500,"title":2501},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcaching-404s-and-redirects-at-the-edge","Caching 404s and Redirects at the Edge",{"path":2503,"title":2504},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcloudflare-vs-cloudfront-cache-hit-ratios-for-static-sites","Cloudflare vs CloudFront Cache Hit Ratios for Static Sites",{"path":2506,"title":2507},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Ffixing-stale-html-after-deploys-on-cloudflare","Fixing Stale HTML After Deploys on Cloudflare",{"path":2509,"title":2510},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs","CDN Caching Rules for SSGs",{"path":2512,"title":2513},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fpurging-the-cdn-cache-after-a-static-deploy","Purging the CDN Cache After a Static Deploy",{"path":2515,"title":2516},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fsetting-cache-control-headers-on-cloudflare-pages","Cache-Control Headers on Cloudflare Pages",{"path":2518,"title":2519},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fsetting-up-proper-cache-headers-on-netlify","Proper Cache Headers on Netlify for SSGs",{"path":2521,"title":2522},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fstale-while-revalidate-for-static-html","Stale-While-Revalidate for Static HTML",{"path":2524,"title":2525},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Ftiered-caching-and-origin-shield","Tiered Caching and Origin Shield",{"path":2527,"title":2528},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fcode-splitting-and-module-preload-in-vite-based-ssgs","Code Splitting and Module Preload in Vite-Based SSGs",{"path":2530,"title":2531},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ffixing-missing-tailwind-classes-in-production-builds","Fixing Missing Tailwind Classes in Production Builds",{"path":2533,"title":2534},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ffixing-unused-javascript-warnings-on-static-pages","Fixing Unused JavaScript Warnings on Static Pages",{"path":2536,"title":2537},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization","CSS and JavaScript Asset Optimization",{"path":2539,"title":2540},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Finlining-critical-css-on-static-sites","Inlining Critical CSS on Static Sites",{"path":2542,"title":2543},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fkeeping-tailwind-css-output-small-on-static-sites","Keeping Tailwind CSS Output Small on Static Sites",{"path":2545,"title":2546},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fminifying-html-css-and-js-in-eleventy","Minifying HTML, CSS and JS in Eleventy",{"path":2548,"title":2549},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fprecompressing-assets-with-brotli-and-zstd","Precompressing Assets with Brotli and Zstd",{"path":2551,"title":2552},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fpurging-unused-css-with-tailwind-and-lightningcss","Purging Unused CSS with Tailwind and Lightning CSS",{"path":2554,"title":2555},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fsvg-icon-sprites-vs-inline-icons","SVG Icon Sprites vs Inline Icons",{"path":2557,"title":2558},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ftailwind-v4-in-astro-without-postcss-plugins","Tailwind v4 in Astro Without PostCSS Plugins",{"path":2560,"title":2561},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fcls-from-client-side-rendered-components","CLS from Client-Side Rendered Components",{"path":2563,"title":2564},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fdebugging-cls-with-the-layout-instability-api","Debugging CLS with the Layout Instability API",{"path":2566,"title":2567},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Feliminating-layout-shift-from-web-fonts","Eliminating Layout Shift From Web Fonts",{"path":2569,"title":2570},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-cookie-banners","Fixing CLS from Cookie Banners",{"path":2572,"title":2573},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-dynamic-table-of-contents-widgets","Fixing CLS From Dynamic Table of Contents Widgets",{"path":2575,"title":2043},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-images-without-dimensions-in-markdown",{"path":2577,"title":2578},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-late-loading-embeds","Fixing CLS From Late-Loading Embeds",{"path":2580,"title":2581},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-sticky-headers-and-anchor-links","Fixing CLS from Sticky Headers and Anchor Links",{"path":2583,"title":2584},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites","Cumulative Layout Shift Fixes for Static Sites",{"path":2586,"title":2587},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fmeasuring-cls-in-the-field-with-web-vitals-js","Measuring CLS in the Field With web-vitals.js",{"path":2589,"title":2590},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Freserving-space-for-ad-and-promo-slots","Reserving Space for Ad and Promo Slots",{"path":2592,"title":2593},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Freserving-space-for-images-and-embeds-to-stop-layout-shift","Reserving Space for Images and Embeds",{"path":2595,"title":2596},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fauditing-font-payload-per-page","Auditing Font Payload per Page",{"path":2598,"title":2599},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-invisible-text-while-web-fonts-load","Fixing Invisible Text While Web Fonts Load",{"path":2601,"title":2602},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Ffont-display-optional-vs-swap","font-display: optional vs swap",{"path":2604,"title":2605},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites","Font Loading Strategies for Static Sites",{"path":2607,"title":2608},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fmetric-matched-fallback-fonts-with-size-adjust","Metric-Matched Fallback Fonts with size-adjust",{"path":2610,"title":2611},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fpreloading-fonts-without-double-downloads","Preloading Fonts Without Double Downloads",{"path":2613,"title":2614},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosted-fonts-vs-google-fonts-for-static-sites","Self-Hosted Fonts vs Google Fonts for Static Sites",{"path":2616,"title":2617},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosting-google-fonts-to-eliminate-layout-shift","Self-Host Google Fonts to Eliminate Layout Shift",{"path":2619,"title":2620},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fsubsetting-variable-fonts-for-faster-first-render","Subsetting Variable Fonts for Faster First Render",{"path":2622,"title":2623},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fusing-system-font-stacks-to-skip-webfonts","Using System Font Stacks to Skip Web Fonts",{"path":2625,"title":2626},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fvariable-fonts-vs-static-weights","Variable Fonts vs Static Weights",{"path":2628,"title":2629},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fart-direction-with-the-picture-element","Art Direction with the Picture Element",{"path":2631,"title":2632},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fblur-up-placeholders-with-lqip","Blur-Up Placeholders with LQIP",{"path":2634,"title":2635},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fbuilding-an-image-cdn-pipeline-for-static-sites","Building an Image CDN Pipeline for Static Sites",{"path":2637,"title":2638},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fcaching-processed-images-between-builds","Caching Processed Images Between Builds",{"path":2640,"title":2641},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Ffixing-blurry-images-from-astro-assets-resizing","Fixing Blurry Images From astro:assets Resizing",{"path":2643,"title":2644},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fgenerating-open-graph-images-at-build-time","Generating Open Graph Images at Build Time",{"path":2646,"title":2647},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro","Image Optimization Pipelines in Astro",{"path":2649,"title":2650},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Flazy-loading-images-without-hurting-lcp","Lazy-Loading Images Without Hurting LCP",{"path":2652,"title":2653},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Foptimizing-webp-images-in-hugo-without-plugins","Optimizing WebP Images in Hugo Without Plugins",{"path":2655,"title":2656},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fresponsive-images-with-srcset-in-eleventy","Responsive Images with srcset in Eleventy",{"path":2658,"title":2659},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fserving-astro-images-through-cloudflare-image-resizing","Serving Astro Images Through Cloudflare Image Resizing",{"path":2661,"title":2662},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fserving-avif-with-fallbacks-on-static-sites","Serving AVIF With Fallbacks on Static Sites",{"path":2664,"title":2665},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs","Core Web Vitals Optimization for SSGs",{"path":2667,"title":2668},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fastro-islands-vs-full-hydration-performance","Astro Islands vs Full Hydration Performance",{"path":2670,"title":2671},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fbreaking-up-long-tasks-on-static-sites","Breaking Up Long Tasks on Static Sites",{"path":2673,"title":2674},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fdeferring-hydration-with-client-visible-in-astro","Deferring Hydration with client:visible in Astro",{"path":2676,"title":2677},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Ffixing-hydration-mismatch-errors-in-astro-islands","Fixing Hydration Mismatch Errors in Astro Islands",{"path":2679,"title":2680},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Ffixing-poor-inp-on-static-pages-with-heavy-widgets","Fixing Poor INP on Static Pages With Heavy Widgets",{"path":2682,"title":2683},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fhow-to-reduce-bundle-size-in-eleventy-builds","How to Reduce Bundle Size in Eleventy Builds",{"path":2685,"title":2686},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering","JavaScript Hydration & Partial Rendering",{"path":2688,"title":2689},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fmeasuring-inp-on-static-sites-with-real-user-monitoring","Measuring INP on Static Sites with RUM",{"path":2691,"title":2692},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fpreact-vs-react-islands-bundle-size","Preact vs React Islands Bundle Size",{"path":2694,"title":2695},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Freplacing-react-islands-with-web-components","Replacing React Islands with Web Components",{"path":2697,"title":2698},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fserver-islands-in-astro","Server Islands in Astro",{"path":2700,"title":2701},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Feliminating-render-blocking-css-on-static-sites","Eliminating Render-Blocking CSS on Static Sites",{"path":2703,"title":2704},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-on-text-heavy-documentation-pages","Fixing LCP on Text-Heavy Documentation Pages",{"path":2706,"title":2707},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-regressions-caused-by-cookie-consent-tools","Fixing LCP Regressions Caused by Cookie Consent Tools",{"path":2709,"title":2710},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-lcp-when-the-hero-is-a-background-image","Fixing LCP When the Hero Is a Background Image",{"path":2712,"title":2713},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-slow-lcp-on-pages-with-embedded-video","Fixing Slow LCP on Pages With Embedded Video",{"path":2715,"title":2716},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Fimproving-ttfb-for-static-html","Improving TTFB for Static HTML",{"path":2718,"title":2719},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites","Largest Contentful Paint Optimization for Static Sites",{"path":2721,"title":2722},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Fmeasuring-lcp-subparts-with-devtools","Measuring LCP Subparts with DevTools",{"path":2724,"title":2725},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Flargest-contentful-paint-optimization-for-static-sites\u002Foptimizing-lcp-on-astro-with-priority-hints","Optimizing LCP on Astro with Priority 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