[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2332},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page:\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002Ffixing-preview-deploys-leaking-into-search-results":3,"all-docs-nav":1184,"filed:\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002Ffixing-preview-deploys-leaking-into-search-results":2326},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"breadcrumb":1159,"dateModified":1169,"datePublished":1169,"description":1170,"extension":1171,"faq":1172,"meta":1177,"navigation":1178,"path":1179,"seo":1180,"slug":12,"stem":1181,"type":1182,"__hash__":1183},"content\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002Ffixing-preview-deploys-leaking-into-search-results\u002Findex.md","Fixing Preview Deploys Leaking Into Search Results",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":1138},"minimark",[9,13,22,36,41,48,106,109,225,229,232,235,239,246,261,386,392,401,433,450,504,514,620,624,639,643,661,665,679,793,797,806,810,821,825,835,933,937,1011,1015,1054,1058,1064,1068,1073,1076,1080,1083,1087,1090,1094,1097,1101,1134],[10,11,5],"h1",{"id":12},"fixing-preview-deploys-leaking-into-search-results",[14,15,16,17,21],"p",{},"A search for a product's own documentation returns, in third place, ",[18,19,20],"code",{},"docs-git-feature-pricing-acme.vercel.app\u002Fpricing\u002F"," — a preview deploy from a pull request merged four months ago, with outdated prices. Preview deploys are one of the best features of modern static hosting, and one of the easiest ways to put duplicate, stale copies of a site in front of search engines. Every preview is a complete copy of the site on a public URL, and it takes one link in a public place for a crawler to find it.",[14,23,24,25,30,31,35],{},"This guide removes indexed preview and staging URLs for a documentation site that used preview deploys on Vercel, Netlify and Cloudflare Pages over its history, and prevents new ones being indexed on each host. It belongs to ",[26,27,29],"a",{"href":28},"\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002F","Preview Environments for Pull Requests","; the general robots and noindex setup is covered in ",[26,32,34],{"href":33},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Frobots-txt-and-noindex-for-preview-and-staging\u002F","robots.txt and noindex for Preview and Staging",".",[37,38,40],"h2",{"id":39},"step-1-find-what-is-indexed","Step 1: Find What Is Indexed",[14,42,43,44,47],{},"Search with ",[18,45,46],{},"site:"," for each preview domain pattern, and check Search Console for the production property's \"Duplicate, Google chose different canonical than user\" entries, which list preview URLs chosen over production pages:",[49,50,51,64],"table",{},[52,53,54],"thead",{},[55,56,57,61],"tr",{},[58,59,60],"th",{},"Source",[58,62,63],{},"Indexed preview URLs found",[65,66,67,78,88,98],"tbody",{},[55,68,69,75],{},[70,71,72],"td",{},[18,73,74],{},"site:vercel.app docs acme",[70,76,77],{},"214",[55,79,80,85],{},[70,81,82],{},[18,83,84],{},"site:netlify.app acme-docs",[70,86,87],{},"61 (from 2023, before the move)",[55,89,90,95],{},[70,91,92],{},[18,93,94],{},"site:pages.dev acme-docs",[70,96,97],{},"38 (staging branch)",[55,99,100,103],{},[70,101,102],{},"Search Console duplicates report",[70,104,105],{},"47 production pages where a preview was chosen as canonical",[14,107,108],{},"The 47 were the real damage: for those pages, search showed the preview copy instead of the production page.",[110,111,112,221],"figure",{},[113,114,121,122,121,126,121,130,121,137],"svg",{"viewBox":115,"role":116,"ariaLabelledBy":117,"xmlns":120},"0 0 760 210","img",[118,119],"prevleak-found-title","prevleak-found-desc","http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F2000\u002Fsvg","\n  ",[123,124,125],"title",{"id":118},"Number of indexed preview and staging URLs found per host",[127,128,129],"desc",{"id":119},"Horizontal bars. Vercel preview URLs 214. Old Netlify deploy previews 61. Cloudflare Pages staging branch 38. Production pages where a preview was chosen as canonical 47.",[131,132],"rect",{"x":133,"y":133,"width":134,"height":135,"fill":136},"0","760","210","#ffffff",[138,139,141,142,141,153,141,160,141,164,141,168,141,175,141,183,141,188,141,194,141,198,141,203,141,207,141,212,141,216,121],"g",{"style":140},"font-family:system-ui, sans-serif;font-size:12px","\n    ",[131,143],{"x":144,"y":145,"width":146,"height":147,"rx":148,"fill":149,"opacity":150,"stroke":151,"style":152},"240.0","65.0","458.8","20.0","3","#ff595e","0.3","#d83b41","stroke-width:1px",[131,154],{"x":144,"y":155,"width":156,"height":147,"rx":148,"fill":157,"opacity":158,"stroke":159,"style":152},"99.0","130.8","#ffca3a","0.45","#a97b00",[131,161],{"x":144,"y":162,"width":163,"height":147,"rx":148,"fill":157,"opacity":158,"stroke":159,"style":152},"133.0","81.5",[131,165],{"x":144,"y":166,"width":167,"height":147,"rx":148,"fill":149,"opacity":150,"stroke":151,"style":152},"167.0","100.8",[169,170],"path",{"d":171,"fill":172,"stroke":173,"style":174},"M240.0 60.0 L240.0 192.0","none","#556071","stroke-width:1.5px",[176,177,182],"text",{"x":178,"y":179,"fill":180,"style":181},"380.0","30.0","#1f2937","font-size:16px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Indexed preview URLs by host",[176,184,187],{"x":147,"y":185,"fill":180,"style":186},"79.2","font-size:12px;text-anchor:start","Vercel previews",[176,189,77],{"x":190,"y":191,"fill":192,"style":193},"706.8","79.5","#b32b30","font-size:12px;text-anchor:start;font-weight:700",[176,195,197],{"x":147,"y":196,"fill":180,"style":186},"113.2","Netlify previews (old)",[176,199,202],{"x":200,"y":201,"fill":180,"style":193},"378.8","113.5","61",[176,204,206],{"x":147,"y":205,"fill":180,"style":186},"147.2","Pages staging branch",[176,208,211],{"x":209,"y":210,"fill":180,"style":193},"329.5","147.5","38",[176,213,215],{"x":147,"y":214,"fill":180,"style":186},"181.2","Preview chosen as canonical",[176,217,220],{"x":218,"y":219,"fill":192,"style":193},"348.8","181.5","47",[222,223,224],"figcaption",{},"site searches and the Search Console page indexing report; 313 preview URLs in total.",[37,226,228],{"id":227},"step-2-find-how-they-were-discovered","Step 2: Find How They Were Discovered",[14,230,231],{},"The preview URLs had been linked from three public places: the repository was public, and the deploy bot's comments on pull requests linked every preview; the docs' public issue tracker contained preview links in discussions; and the staging branch's URL was in the project README. Search engines crawl GitHub, so every pull request comment was a discovery path.",[14,233,234],{},"Making previews unlinkable was not realistic — reviewers need the links. The fix had to be on the previews themselves.",[37,236,238],{"id":237},"step-3-send-noindex-from-every-non-production-host","Step 3: Send noindex From Every Non-Production Host",[14,240,241,242,245],{},"The reliable mechanism is an ",[18,243,244],{},"X-Robots-Tag: noindex"," header on every response from a preview host, set by host-based rules so production is never affected.",[14,247,248,252,253,256,257,260],{},[249,250,251],"strong",{},"Vercel"," (",[18,254,255],{},"vercel.json","), using ",[18,258,259],{},"has"," on the host:",[262,263,268],"pre",{"className":264,"code":265,"language":266,"meta":267,"style":267},"language-json shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","{\n  \"headers\": [\n    { \"source\": \"\u002F(.*)\", \"has\": [{ \"type\": \"host\", \"value\": \"(?\u003Chost>.*\\\\.vercel\\\\.app)\" }],\n      \"headers\": [{ \"key\": \"X-Robots-Tag\", \"value\": \"noindex, nofollow\" }] }\n  ]\n}\n","json","",[18,269,270,279,289,346,374,380],{"__ignoreMap":267},[271,272,275],"span",{"class":273,"line":274},"line",1,[271,276,278],{"class":277},"sVt8B","{\n",[271,280,282,286],{"class":273,"line":281},2,[271,283,285],{"class":284},"sj4cs","  \"headers\"",[271,287,288],{"class":277},": [\n",[271,290,292,295,298,301,305,308,311,314,317,319,322,324,327,329,332,335,338,340,343],{"class":273,"line":291},3,[271,293,294],{"class":277},"    { ",[271,296,297],{"class":284},"\"source\"",[271,299,300],{"class":277},": ",[271,302,304],{"class":303},"sZZnC","\"\u002F(.*)\"",[271,306,307],{"class":277},", ",[271,309,310],{"class":284},"\"has\"",[271,312,313],{"class":277},": [{ ",[271,315,316],{"class":284},"\"type\"",[271,318,300],{"class":277},[271,320,321],{"class":303},"\"host\"",[271,323,307],{"class":277},[271,325,326],{"class":284},"\"value\"",[271,328,300],{"class":277},[271,330,331],{"class":303},"\"(?\u003Chost>.*",[271,333,334],{"class":284},"\\\\",[271,336,337],{"class":303},".vercel",[271,339,334],{"class":284},[271,341,342],{"class":303},".app)\"",[271,344,345],{"class":277}," }],\n",[271,347,349,352,354,357,359,362,364,366,368,371],{"class":273,"line":348},4,[271,350,351],{"class":284},"      \"headers\"",[271,353,313],{"class":277},[271,355,356],{"class":284},"\"key\"",[271,358,300],{"class":277},[271,360,361],{"class":303},"\"X-Robots-Tag\"",[271,363,307],{"class":277},[271,365,326],{"class":284},[271,367,300],{"class":277},[271,369,370],{"class":303},"\"noindex, nofollow\"",[271,372,373],{"class":277}," }] }\n",[271,375,377],{"class":273,"line":376},5,[271,378,379],{"class":277},"  ]\n",[271,381,383],{"class":273,"line":382},6,[271,384,385],{"class":277},"}\n",[14,387,388,389,391],{},"Vercel also adds ",[18,390,244],{}," to preview deployments by default on its own domains for many projects; the explicit rule makes it independent of that default and covers branch aliases.",[14,393,394,252,397,400],{},[249,395,396],{},"Netlify",[18,398,399],{},"netlify.toml","), using deploy contexts:",[262,402,406],{"className":403,"code":404,"language":405,"meta":267,"style":267},"language-toml shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","[context.deploy-preview]\n  [[context.deploy-preview.headers]]\n    for = \"\u002F*\"\n    [context.deploy-preview.headers.values]\n      X-Robots-Tag = \"noindex, nofollow\"\n","toml",[18,407,408,413,418,423,428],{"__ignoreMap":267},[271,409,410],{"class":273,"line":274},[271,411,412],{},"[context.deploy-preview]\n",[271,414,415],{"class":273,"line":281},[271,416,417],{},"  [[context.deploy-preview.headers]]\n",[271,419,420],{"class":273,"line":291},[271,421,422],{},"    for = \"\u002F*\"\n",[271,424,425],{"class":273,"line":348},[271,426,427],{},"    [context.deploy-preview.headers.values]\n",[271,429,430],{"class":273,"line":376},[271,431,432],{},"      X-Robots-Tag = \"noindex, nofollow\"\n",[14,434,435,438,439,442,443,445,446,449],{},[249,436,437],{},"Cloudflare Pages"," has no context-specific ",[18,440,441],{},"_headers",", so the build writes a different ",[18,444,441],{}," file depending on the branch, using ",[18,447,448],{},"CF_PAGES_BRANCH",":",[262,451,455],{"className":452,"code":453,"language":454,"meta":267,"style":267},"language-sh shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","if [ \"$CF_PAGES_BRANCH\" != \"main\" ]; then printf '\u002F*\\n  X-Robots-Tag: noindex, nofollow\\n' >> dist\u002F_headers; fi\n","sh",[18,456,457],{"__ignoreMap":267},[271,458,459,463,466,469,472,474,477,480,483,486,489,492,495,498,501],{"class":273,"line":274},[271,460,462],{"class":461},"szBVR","if",[271,464,465],{"class":277}," [ ",[271,467,468],{"class":303},"\"",[271,470,471],{"class":277},"$CF_PAGES_BRANCH",[271,473,468],{"class":303},[271,475,476],{"class":461}," !=",[271,478,479],{"class":303}," \"main\"",[271,481,482],{"class":277}," ]; ",[271,484,485],{"class":461},"then",[271,487,488],{"class":284}," printf",[271,490,491],{"class":303}," '\u002F*\\n  X-Robots-Tag: noindex, nofollow\\n'",[271,493,494],{"class":461}," >>",[271,496,497],{"class":303}," dist\u002F_headers",[271,499,500],{"class":277},"; ",[271,502,503],{"class":461},"fi\n",[14,505,506,507,509,510,513],{},"Cloudflare Pages also sends ",[18,508,244],{}," on ",[18,511,512],{},"*.pages.dev"," preview URLs by default; the explicit rule covers custom branch domains.",[110,515,516,617],{},[113,517,121,522,121,525,121,528,121,531],{"viewBox":518,"role":116,"ariaLabelledBy":519,"xmlns":120},"0 0 760 203",[520,521],"prevleak-hosts-title","prevleak-hosts-desc",[123,523,524],{"id":520},"Mechanism for adding noindex to preview deploys on three hosts",[127,526,527],{"id":521},"A matrix of three hosts. Vercel uses a header rule in vercel.json conditioned on the host matching vercel.app, and adds noindex to previews by default in many cases. Netlify uses a header in the deploy-preview context in netlify.toml. Cloudflare Pages writes a noindex header into _headers when the branch is not main, and sends noindex on pages.dev previews by default.",[131,529],{"x":133,"y":133,"width":134,"height":530,"fill":136},"203",[138,532,141,533,141,536,141,546,141,550,141,554,141,557,141,559,141,562,141,565,141,567,141,570,141,573,141,577,141,582,141,586,141,589,141,594,141,597,141,600,141,604,141,607,141,610,141,614,121],{"style":140},[169,534],{"d":535,"fill":172,"stroke":173,"style":174},"M20.0 86.0 L740.0 86.0",[131,537],{"x":538,"y":539,"width":540,"height":541,"rx":542,"fill":543,"opacity":544,"stroke":545,"style":152},"214.0","90.0","257.0","25.6","5","#8ac926","0.2","#5a8a16",[131,547],{"x":548,"y":539,"width":540,"height":541,"rx":542,"fill":157,"opacity":549,"stroke":159,"style":152},"479.0","0.24",[169,551],{"d":552,"fill":172,"stroke":553,"style":152},"M20.0 119.6 L740.0 119.6","#d9e2ef",[131,555],{"x":538,"y":556,"width":540,"height":541,"rx":542,"fill":543,"opacity":544,"stroke":545,"style":152},"123.6",[131,558],{"x":548,"y":556,"width":540,"height":541,"rx":542,"fill":157,"opacity":549,"stroke":159,"style":152},[169,560],{"d":561,"fill":172,"stroke":553,"style":152},"M20.0 153.2 L740.0 153.2",[131,563],{"x":538,"y":564,"width":540,"height":541,"rx":542,"fill":543,"opacity":544,"stroke":545,"style":152},"157.2",[131,566],{"x":548,"y":564,"width":540,"height":541,"rx":542,"fill":157,"opacity":549,"stroke":159,"style":152},[169,568],{"d":569,"fill":172,"stroke":553,"style":152},"M20.0 186.8 L740.0 186.8",[176,571,572],{"x":178,"y":179,"fill":180,"style":181},"How each host marks previews noindex",[176,574,576],{"x":179,"y":575,"fill":180,"style":193},"75.2","Host",[176,578,581],{"x":579,"y":575,"fill":180,"style":580},"342.5","font-size:12px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Explicit rule",[176,583,585],{"x":584,"y":575,"fill":180,"style":580},"607.5","Platform default",[176,587,251],{"x":179,"y":588,"fill":180,"style":193},"106.4",[176,590,593],{"x":579,"y":591,"fill":180,"style":592},"106.2","font-size:11.5px;text-anchor:middle","vercel.json has: host",[176,595,596],{"x":584,"y":591,"fill":180,"style":592},"often on previews",[176,598,396],{"x":179,"y":599,"fill":180,"style":193},"140.0",[176,601,603],{"x":579,"y":602,"fill":180,"style":592},"139.8","deploy-preview context",[176,605,606],{"x":584,"y":602,"fill":180,"style":592},"varies",[176,608,437],{"x":179,"y":609,"fill":180,"style":193},"173.6",[176,611,613],{"x":579,"y":612,"fill":180,"style":592},"173.4","_headers per branch",[176,615,616],{"x":584,"y":612,"fill":180,"style":592},"on pages.dev previews",[222,618,619],{},"Relying only on platform defaults left the staging branch domain and old aliases uncovered; explicit rules close the gaps.",[37,621,623],{"id":622},"step-4-canonicals-to-production","Step 4: Canonicals to Production",[14,625,626,627,630,631,634,635,35],{},"Every page's canonical tag is built from the configured site URL, which is the production URL in every build, so preview pages already pointed their canonicals at production. One template had built canonicals from ",[18,628,629],{},"Astro.url"," — the request URL — which made each preview canonical to itself. Fixing that template to use ",[18,632,633],{},"Astro.site"," removed the self-canonical previews, as in ",[26,636,638],{"href":637},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Ftechnical-seo-for-static-sites\u002Fcanonical-urls-and-duplicate-content-on-static-sites\u002F","Canonical URLs and Duplicate Content on Static Sites",[37,640,642],{"id":641},"step-5-do-not-block-crawling","Step 5: Do Not Block Crawling",[14,644,645,646,649,650,653,654,657,658,660],{},"A colleague's first instinct was to add ",[18,647,648],{},"Disallow: \u002F"," to ",[18,651,652],{},"robots.txt"," on previews. That would have stopped crawlers fetching the pages and seeing the ",[18,655,656],{},"noindex"," header, leaving already-indexed URLs in the index indefinitely. Previews stay crawlable with ",[18,659,656],{}," until they have dropped out.",[37,662,664],{"id":663},"step-6-remove-what-is-already-indexed","Step 6: Remove What Is Already Indexed",[14,666,667,668,670,671,674,675,678],{},"With ",[18,669,656],{}," in place, indexed previews drop out as search engines recrawl them, which takes weeks for rarely visited URLs. For the 47 pages where a preview had displaced production, faster action was worth it. Vercel preview domains on ",[18,672,673],{},"vercel.app"," cannot be verified in Search Console, but the project's branch aliases on a custom preview domain (",[18,676,677],{},"preview.acme.dev",") could; their URLs were submitted to the removals tool, and the production pages were submitted for reindexing. Old Netlify and Pages deploys were deleted where the platform allowed, which turns them into 404s and removes them on the next crawl.",[110,680,681,790],{},[113,682,121,687,121,690,121,693,121,696,121,776],{"viewBox":683,"role":116,"ariaLabelledBy":684,"xmlns":120},"0 0 760 166",[685,686],"prevleak-time-title","prevleak-time-desc",[123,688,689],{"id":685},"Number of indexed preview URLs after the fix, by week",[127,691,692],{"id":686},"Five points. At week 0 when the fix deployed, 313 indexed preview URLs. Week 2, 190. Week 4, 82. Week 8, 14. Week 12, 2.",[131,694],{"x":133,"y":133,"width":134,"height":695,"fill":136},"166",[138,697,141,698,141,702,141,708,141,711,141,713,141,717,141,720,141,723,141,727,141,730,141,733,141,736,141,739,141,744,141,749,141,753,141,756,141,759,141,762,141,766,141,769,141,773,121],{"style":140},[169,699],{"d":700,"fill":172,"stroke":173,"style":701},"M30.0 99.6 L734.0 99.6","stroke-width:2px;marker-end:url(#prevleak-time-arrow)",[703,704],"circle",{"cx":705,"cy":706,"r":707,"fill":149,"stroke":151,"style":174},"60.0","99.6","7",[703,709],{"cx":710,"cy":706,"r":707,"fill":157,"stroke":159,"style":174},"220.0",[703,712],{"cx":178,"cy":706,"r":707,"fill":157,"stroke":159,"style":174},[703,714],{"cx":715,"cy":706,"r":707,"fill":716,"stroke":716,"style":174},"540.0","#1982c4",[703,718],{"cx":719,"cy":706,"r":707,"fill":543,"stroke":545,"style":174},"700.0",[176,721,722],{"x":178,"y":179,"fill":180,"style":181},"Indexed preview URLs over time",[176,724,726],{"x":705,"y":725,"fill":180,"style":580},"83.6","Fix deployed",[176,728,729],{"x":710,"y":725,"fill":180,"style":580},"Recrawls begin",[176,731,732],{"x":178,"y":725,"fill":180,"style":580},"Most dropped",[176,734,735],{"x":715,"y":725,"fill":180,"style":580},"Long tail",[176,737,738],{"x":719,"y":725,"fill":180,"style":580},"Nearly clean",[176,740,743],{"x":705,"y":741,"fill":192,"style":742},"125.6","font-size:11.5px;text-anchor:middle;font-weight:700","Week 0",[176,745,748],{"x":705,"y":746,"fill":173,"style":747},"143.6","font-size:11px;text-anchor:middle","313 URLs",[176,750,752],{"x":710,"y":741,"fill":751,"style":742},"#8a6d0f","Week 2",[176,754,755],{"x":710,"y":746,"fill":173,"style":747},"190 URLs",[176,757,758],{"x":178,"y":741,"fill":751,"style":742},"Week 4",[176,760,761],{"x":178,"y":746,"fill":173,"style":747},"82 URLs",[176,763,765],{"x":715,"y":741,"fill":764,"style":742},"#166a9e","Week 8",[176,767,768],{"x":715,"y":746,"fill":173,"style":747},"14 URLs",[176,770,772],{"x":719,"y":741,"fill":771,"style":742},"#3f6410","Week 12",[176,774,775],{"x":719,"y":746,"fill":173,"style":747},"2 URLs",[777,778,141,779,121],"defs",{},[780,781,786,787,141],"marker",{"id":782,"viewBox":783,"refX":784,"refY":542,"markerWidth":707,"markerHeight":707,"orient":785},"prevleak-time-arrow","0 0 10 10","8","auto-start-reverse","\n      ",[169,788],{"d":789,"fill":173},"M0 0 L10 5 L0 10 z",[222,791,792],{},"Counted with site searches weekly; the last two were on a deleted host and disappeared after a further month.",[37,794,796],{"id":795},"other-copies-worth-checking","Other Copies Worth Checking",[14,798,799,800,802,803,805],{},"Previews were not the only duplicate copies of the site. The same audit found two more: the origin bucket's direct website endpoint, which served every page without the CDN in front and had been linked from an old status page, and an IP-address URL from a load balancer health check that a crawler had found. Both got the same treatment — ",[18,801,656],{}," headers where the host allowed, and otherwise closing direct access so only the production hostname serves the site. Any hostname that serves the site's HTML other than the canonical one is a potential duplicate; a monthly ",[18,804,46],{}," search for the site's distinctive title text, without a domain filter, is a cheap way to find new ones.",[37,807,809],{"id":808},"telling-reviewers-what-changed","Telling Reviewers What Changed",[14,811,812,813,817,818,820],{},"The deploy bot's comment on each pull request now says that the preview is not indexable and should not be shared publicly, with a link to the production URL of the same page. Reviewers who need to share a preview outside the team, for example with a customer, use a password-protected preview instead, which is covered in ",[26,814,816],{"href":815},"\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002Fpassword-protecting-preview-deployments\u002F","Password-Protecting Preview Deployments",". Since the change, preview URLs appearing in public issues have dropped, though the ",[18,819,656],{}," header means it no longer matters for search when they do.",[37,822,824],{"id":823},"step-7-test-it-on-every-preview","Step 7: Test It on Every Preview",[14,826,827,828,831,832,834],{},"A check in the preview workflow requests three URLs on the preview and fails unless each has ",[18,829,830],{},"X-Robots-Tag"," containing ",[18,833,656],{},"; a matching check on production fails if it does. The production check matters as much: a host rule with a too-broad pattern could noindex the real site, which would be a far worse incident.",[262,836,838],{"className":452,"code":837,"language":454,"meta":267,"style":267},"curl -sI \"$PREVIEW_URL\u002F\" | grep -qi '^x-robots-tag:.*noindex' || { echo \"preview is indexable\"; exit 1; }\ncurl -sI \"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.example.com\u002F\" | grep -qi '^x-robots-tag:.*noindex' && { echo \"PRODUCTION IS NOINDEX\"; exit 1; } || true\n",[18,839,840,893],{"__ignoreMap":267},[271,841,842,846,849,852,855,858,861,864,867,870,873,876,879,882,884,887,890],{"class":273,"line":274},[271,843,845],{"class":844},"sScJk","curl",[271,847,848],{"class":284}," -sI",[271,850,851],{"class":303}," \"",[271,853,854],{"class":277},"$PREVIEW_URL",[271,856,857],{"class":303},"\u002F\"",[271,859,860],{"class":461}," |",[271,862,863],{"class":844}," grep",[271,865,866],{"class":284}," -qi",[271,868,869],{"class":303}," '^x-robots-tag:.*noindex'",[271,871,872],{"class":461}," ||",[271,874,875],{"class":277}," { ",[271,877,878],{"class":284},"echo",[271,880,881],{"class":303}," \"preview is indexable\"",[271,883,500],{"class":277},[271,885,886],{"class":284},"exit",[271,888,889],{"class":284}," 1",[271,891,892],{"class":277},"; }\n",[271,894,895,897,899,902,904,906,908,910,913,915,918,920,922,924,927,930],{"class":273,"line":281},[271,896,845],{"class":844},[271,898,848],{"class":284},[271,900,901],{"class":303}," \"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.example.com\u002F\"",[271,903,860],{"class":461},[271,905,863],{"class":844},[271,907,866],{"class":284},[271,909,869],{"class":303},[271,911,912],{"class":277}," && { ",[271,914,878],{"class":284},[271,916,917],{"class":303}," \"PRODUCTION IS NOINDEX\"",[271,919,500],{"class":277},[271,921,886],{"class":284},[271,923,889],{"class":284},[271,925,926],{"class":277},"; } ",[271,928,929],{"class":461},"||",[271,931,932],{"class":284}," true\n",[37,934,936],{"id":935},"measured-impact","Measured Impact",[49,938,939,955],{},[52,940,941],{},[55,942,943,946,949,952],{},[58,944,945],{},"Measure",[58,947,948],{},"Before",[58,950,951],{},"12 weeks after",[58,953,954],{},"Tool",[65,956,957,973,985,998],{},[55,958,959,962,965,968],{},[70,960,961],{},"Indexed preview URLs",[70,963,964],{},"313",[70,966,967],{},"2",[70,969,970,972],{},[18,971,46],{}," searches",[55,974,975,978,980,982],{},[70,976,977],{},"Production pages with a preview as Google's canonical",[70,979,220],{},[70,981,133],{},[70,983,984],{},"Search Console",[55,986,987,990,993,996],{},[70,988,989],{},"Organic clicks to those 47 pages",[70,991,992],{},"baseline",[70,994,995],{},"+38%",[70,997,984],{},[55,999,1000,1003,1006,1008],{},[70,1001,1002],{},"Previews without noindex (CI check)",[70,1004,1005],{},"—",[70,1007,133],{},[70,1009,1010],{},"Preview workflow",[37,1012,1014],{"id":1013},"pitfalls-rollback","Pitfalls & Rollback",[1016,1017,1018,1030,1036,1042,1048],"ul",{},[1019,1020,1021,1029],"li",{},[249,1022,1023,1026,1027,35],{},[18,1024,1025],{},"Disallow"," instead of ",[18,1028,656],{}," It hides the noindex and keeps indexed URLs indexed.",[1019,1031,1032,1035],{},[249,1033,1034],{},"Relying only on platform defaults."," Branch aliases and custom preview domains may not get them.",[1019,1037,1038,1041],{},[249,1039,1040],{},"Canonicals from the request URL."," Use the configured production URL.",[1019,1043,1044,1047],{},[249,1045,1046],{},"Host rules that also match production."," Test production for the absence of noindex.",[1019,1049,1050,1053],{},[249,1051,1052],{},"Rollback:"," header rules are scoped by host or context; removing them affects only previews.",[37,1055,1057],{"id":1056},"conclusion","Conclusion",[14,1059,1060,1061,1063],{},"Preview deploys leak into search because they are complete public copies of the site linked from public places. Sending ",[18,1062,244],{}," from every non-production host with explicit rules per platform, keeping canonicals on the production URL, leaving previews crawlable so the directive is seen, and testing both previews and production on every deploy removed 311 of 313 indexed preview URLs in twelve weeks and gave 47 production pages their search results back.",[37,1065,1067],{"id":1066},"faq","FAQ",[1069,1070,1072],"h3",{"id":1071},"how-do-preview-deploys-end-up-in-search-results","How do preview deploys end up in search results?",[14,1074,1075],{},"Search engines discover preview URLs through links: a preview URL pasted in a public issue or pull request, shared in a forum, posted in a public chat, or linked from analytics referrer spam. If the preview serves the same pages as production without noindex, it can be indexed and sometimes ranks instead of the real site, splitting signals between duplicate copies.",[1069,1077,1079],{"id":1078},"is-robotstxt-disallow-enough-to-keep-previews-out","Is robots.txt Disallow enough to keep previews out?",[14,1081,1082],{},"No. Disallow stops crawling, but a disallowed URL can still be indexed from links alone, shown without a description. It also prevents crawlers from seeing a noindex directive on the page. Use noindex through an X-Robots-Tag header or meta tag, and leave the pages crawlable so search engines can see it.",[1069,1084,1086],{"id":1085},"how-do-i-remove-preview-urls-that-are-already-indexed","How do I remove preview URLs that are already indexed?",[14,1088,1089],{},"Add noindex to the preview host so recrawls drop the pages, and for urgent cases verify the preview domain in Search Console and use the removals tool for a temporary removal while the noindex takes effect. For platform subdomains you cannot verify, noindex and time are the only options, which is why prevention matters.",[1069,1091,1093],{"id":1092},"should-previews-have-canonical-tags-pointing-at-production","Should previews have canonical tags pointing at production?",[14,1095,1096],{},"It helps. A canonical to the production URL tells search engines which copy is authoritative even before noindex is processed. Generators that build canonicals from a configured site URL do this automatically, as long as the site URL is the production URL in preview builds.",[37,1098,1100],{"id":1099},"related","Related",[1016,1102,1103,1112,1117,1122,1129],{},[1019,1104,1105,1108,1109,1111],{},[249,1106,1107],{},"Parent:"," ",[26,1110,29],{"href":28}," — previews and how to run them safely.",[1019,1113,1114,1116],{},[26,1115,34],{"href":33}," — the directives in depth.",[1019,1118,1119,1121],{},[26,1120,816],{"href":815}," — the stronger option for sensitive previews.",[1019,1123,1124,1128],{},[26,1125,1127],{"href":1126},"\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002Fcleaning-up-stale-preview-deployments\u002F","Cleaning Up Stale Preview Deployments"," — removing old previews entirely.",[1019,1130,1131,1133],{},[26,1132,638],{"href":637}," — canonical tags done right.",[1135,1136,1137],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sVt8B, html code.shiki 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SSGs","\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002F",{"name":29,"item":28},{"name":5,"item":1168},"\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002Ffixing-preview-deploys-leaking-into-search-results\u002F","2026-10-02","Remove preview and staging deploys from search results and stop new ones being indexed with X-Robots-Tag headers, canonicals, and removal requests per host.","md",[1173,1174,1175,1176],{"q":1072,"a":1075},{"q":1079,"a":1082},{"q":1086,"a":1089},{"q":1093,"a":1096},{},true,"\u002Fproduction-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002Ffixing-preview-deploys-leaking-into-search-results",{"title":5,"description":1170},"production-ready-deployment-cicd-workflows\u002Fpreview-environments-for-pull-requests\u002Ffixing-preview-deploys-leaking-into-search-results\u002Findex","article","dXeq2iHfFiqhGpxLFLhIBc5XXyLOupiHRkkkLii483A",[1185,1188,1191,1194,1197,1200,1203,1206,1209,1212,1215,1218,1221,1224,1227,1230,1233,1236,1239,1242,1245,1248,1251,1254,1257,1260,1263,1266,1269,1272,1275,1278,1281,1284,1287,1290,1293,1296,1299,1302,1305,1308,1311,1314,1317,1320,1323,1326,1329,1332,1335,1338,1341,1344,1347,1350,1353,1356,1359,1362,1365,1368,1371,1374,1377,1380,1383,1386,1389,1392,1395,1398,1401,1404,1407,1410,1413,1416,1419,1422,1425,1428,1431,1434,1437,1440,1443,1446,1449,1452,1455,1458,1461,1464,1467,1470,1473,1476,1479,1482,1485,1488,1491,1494,1497,1500,1503,1506,1509,1512,1515,1518,1521,1524,1527,1530,1533,1536,1539,1542,1545,1548,1551,1554,1557,1559,1562,1565,1568,1571,1574,1576,1579,1582,1585,1588,1591,1594,1597,1600,1603,1606,1609,1612,1615,1618,1621,1624,1627,1630,1633,1636,1639,1642,1645,1648,1651,1654,1657,1660,1663,1666,1669,1672,1675,1678,1681,1684,1687,1690,1693,1696,1699,1702,1705,1708,1711,1714,1717,1720,1723,1726,1729,1732,1735,1738,1741,1744,1747,1750,1753,1756,1759,1762,1765,1768,1771,1774,1777,1780,1783,1786,1789,1792,1795,1798,1801,1804,1807,1810,1813,1816,1819,1822,1825,1828,1831,1834,1837,1840,1843,1846,1849,1852,1855,1858,1861,1864,1867,1870,1873,1876,1879,1882,1885,1888,1891,1894,1897,1900,1903,1906,1909,1912,1915,1918,1921,1924,1927,1930,1933,1936,1939,1942,1945,1948,1951,1954,1957,1960,1963,1966,1969,1972,1975,1978,1981,1984,1987,1990,1993,1996,1999,2002,2005,2008,2011,2014,2017,2020,2023,2026,2029,2032,2035,2038,2041,2044,2047,2050,2053,2056,2059,2061,2064,2067,2070,2073,2076,2079,2082,2085,2088,2091,2094,2097,2100,2103,2106,2109,2112,2115,2118,2121,2124,2127,2130,2133,2136,2138,2141,2142,2144,2146,2149,2152,2155,2158,2161,2164,2167,2170,2173,2176,2179,2182,2185,2188,2191,2194,2197,2200,2203,2206,2209,2212,2215,2218,2221,2224,2227,2230,2233,2236,2239,2242,2245,2248,2251,2254,2257,2260,2263,2266,2269,2272,2275,2278,2281,2284,2287,2290,2293,2296,2299,2302,2305,2308,2311,2314,2317,2320,2323],{"path":1186,"title":1187},"\u002Fchoosing-the-right-static-site-generator-for-production\u002Faccessibility-for-static-sites\u002Faccessible-code-blocks-in-documentation-sites","Accessible 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Sites",{"path":1595,"title":1596},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcache-keys-and-query-strings-on-cdns","Cache Keys and Query Strings on CDNs",{"path":1598,"title":1599},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcaching-404s-and-redirects-at-the-edge","Caching 404s and Redirects at the Edge",{"path":1601,"title":1602},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fcloudflare-vs-cloudfront-cache-hit-ratios-for-static-sites","Cloudflare vs CloudFront Cache Hit Ratios for Static Sites",{"path":1604,"title":1605},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Ffixing-stale-html-after-deploys-on-cloudflare","Fixing Stale HTML After Deploys on Cloudflare",{"path":1607,"title":1608},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs","CDN Caching Rules for SSGs",{"path":1610,"title":1611},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fpurging-the-cdn-cache-after-a-static-deploy","Purging the CDN Cache After a Static Deploy",{"path":1613,"title":1614},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fsetting-cache-control-headers-on-cloudflare-pages","Cache-Control Headers on Cloudflare Pages",{"path":1616,"title":1617},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fsetting-up-proper-cache-headers-on-netlify","Proper Cache Headers on Netlify for SSGs",{"path":1619,"title":1620},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Fstale-while-revalidate-for-static-html","Stale-While-Revalidate for Static HTML",{"path":1622,"title":1623},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcdn-caching-rules-for-ssgs\u002Ftiered-caching-and-origin-shield","Tiered Caching and Origin Shield",{"path":1625,"title":1626},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fcode-splitting-and-module-preload-in-vite-based-ssgs","Code Splitting and Module Preload in Vite-Based SSGs",{"path":1628,"title":1629},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ffixing-missing-tailwind-classes-in-production-builds","Fixing Missing Tailwind Classes in Production Builds",{"path":1631,"title":1632},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ffixing-unused-javascript-warnings-on-static-pages","Fixing Unused JavaScript Warnings on Static Pages",{"path":1634,"title":1635},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization","CSS and JavaScript Asset Optimization",{"path":1637,"title":1638},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Finlining-critical-css-on-static-sites","Inlining Critical CSS on Static Sites",{"path":1640,"title":1641},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fkeeping-tailwind-css-output-small-on-static-sites","Keeping Tailwind CSS Output Small on Static Sites",{"path":1643,"title":1644},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fminifying-html-css-and-js-in-eleventy","Minifying HTML, CSS and JS in Eleventy",{"path":1646,"title":1647},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fprecompressing-assets-with-brotli-and-zstd","Precompressing Assets with Brotli and Zstd",{"path":1649,"title":1650},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fpurging-unused-css-with-tailwind-and-lightningcss","Purging Unused CSS with Tailwind and Lightning CSS",{"path":1652,"title":1653},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Fsvg-icon-sprites-vs-inline-icons","SVG Icon Sprites vs Inline Icons",{"path":1655,"title":1656},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcss-and-javascript-asset-optimization\u002Ftailwind-v4-in-astro-without-postcss-plugins","Tailwind v4 in Astro Without PostCSS Plugins",{"path":1658,"title":1659},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fcls-from-client-side-rendered-components","CLS from Client-Side Rendered Components",{"path":1661,"title":1662},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fdebugging-cls-with-the-layout-instability-api","Debugging CLS with the Layout Instability API",{"path":1664,"title":1665},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Feliminating-layout-shift-from-web-fonts","Eliminating Layout Shift From Web Fonts",{"path":1667,"title":1668},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-cookie-banners","Fixing CLS from Cookie Banners",{"path":1670,"title":1671},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-dynamic-table-of-contents-widgets","Fixing CLS From Dynamic Table of Contents Widgets",{"path":1673,"title":1674},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-images-without-dimensions-in-markdown","Fixing CLS From Images Without Dimensions in Markdown",{"path":1676,"title":1677},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-late-loading-embeds","Fixing CLS From Late-Loading Embeds",{"path":1679,"title":1680},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-cls-from-sticky-headers-and-anchor-links","Fixing CLS from Sticky Headers and Anchor Links",{"path":1682,"title":1683},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites","Cumulative Layout Shift Fixes for Static Sites",{"path":1685,"title":1686},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Fmeasuring-cls-in-the-field-with-web-vitals-js","Measuring CLS in the Field With web-vitals.js",{"path":1688,"title":1689},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Freserving-space-for-ad-and-promo-slots","Reserving Space for Ad and Promo Slots",{"path":1691,"title":1692},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fcumulative-layout-shift-fixes-for-static-sites\u002Freserving-space-for-images-and-embeds-to-stop-layout-shift","Reserving Space for Images and Embeds",{"path":1694,"title":1695},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fauditing-font-payload-per-page","Auditing Font Payload per Page",{"path":1697,"title":1698},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Ffixing-invisible-text-while-web-fonts-load","Fixing Invisible Text While Web Fonts Load",{"path":1700,"title":1701},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Ffont-display-optional-vs-swap","font-display: optional vs swap",{"path":1703,"title":1704},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites","Font Loading Strategies for Static Sites",{"path":1706,"title":1707},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fmetric-matched-fallback-fonts-with-size-adjust","Metric-Matched Fallback Fonts with size-adjust",{"path":1709,"title":1710},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fpreloading-fonts-without-double-downloads","Preloading Fonts Without Double Downloads",{"path":1712,"title":1713},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosted-fonts-vs-google-fonts-for-static-sites","Self-Hosted Fonts vs Google Fonts for Static Sites",{"path":1715,"title":1716},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fself-hosting-google-fonts-to-eliminate-layout-shift","Self-Host Google Fonts to Eliminate Layout Shift",{"path":1718,"title":1719},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fsubsetting-variable-fonts-for-faster-first-render","Subsetting Variable Fonts for Faster First Render",{"path":1721,"title":1722},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fusing-system-font-stacks-to-skip-webfonts","Using System Font Stacks to Skip Web Fonts",{"path":1724,"title":1725},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Ffont-loading-strategies-for-static-sites\u002Fvariable-fonts-vs-static-weights","Variable Fonts vs Static Weights",{"path":1727,"title":1728},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fart-direction-with-the-picture-element","Art Direction with the Picture Element",{"path":1730,"title":1731},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fblur-up-placeholders-with-lqip","Blur-Up Placeholders with LQIP",{"path":1733,"title":1734},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fbuilding-an-image-cdn-pipeline-for-static-sites","Building an Image CDN Pipeline for Static Sites",{"path":1736,"title":1737},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fcaching-processed-images-between-builds","Caching Processed Images Between Builds",{"path":1739,"title":1740},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Ffixing-blurry-images-from-astro-assets-resizing","Fixing Blurry Images From astro:assets Resizing",{"path":1742,"title":1743},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fgenerating-open-graph-images-at-build-time","Generating Open Graph Images at Build Time",{"path":1745,"title":1746},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro","Image Optimization Pipelines in Astro",{"path":1748,"title":1749},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Flazy-loading-images-without-hurting-lcp","Lazy-Loading Images Without Hurting LCP",{"path":1751,"title":1752},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Foptimizing-webp-images-in-hugo-without-plugins","Optimizing WebP Images in Hugo Without Plugins",{"path":1754,"title":1755},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fresponsive-images-with-srcset-in-eleventy","Responsive Images with srcset in Eleventy",{"path":1757,"title":1758},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fserving-astro-images-through-cloudflare-image-resizing","Serving Astro Images Through Cloudflare Image Resizing",{"path":1760,"title":1761},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fimage-optimization-pipelines-in-astro\u002Fserving-avif-with-fallbacks-on-static-sites","Serving AVIF With Fallbacks on Static Sites",{"path":1763,"title":1764},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs","Core Web Vitals Optimization for SSGs",{"path":1766,"title":1767},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fastro-islands-vs-full-hydration-performance","Astro Islands vs Full Hydration Performance",{"path":1769,"title":1770},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fbreaking-up-long-tasks-on-static-sites","Breaking Up Long Tasks on Static Sites",{"path":1772,"title":1773},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Fdeferring-hydration-with-client-visible-in-astro","Deferring Hydration with client:visible in Astro",{"path":1775,"title":1776},"\u002Fperformance-optimization-core-web-vitals-for-ssgs\u002Fjavascript-hydration-partial-rendering\u002Ffixing-hydration-mismatch-errors-in-astro-islands","Fixing Hydration Mismatch Errors in Astro 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